Inhibition of connexin 36 decreases seizure activity in the Kainic acid-induced rat model of epilepsy

Aim: To investigate the effect of connexin 36-associated (Cx36) channel blockers on the process of epilepsy and its mechanisms. Methods: We examined the anticonvulsant properties of carbenoxolone, quinine, and quinidine in the Kainic Acid-induced (KA-induced) model of epilepsy in rats, and we investigated the effects of these blockers on epileptic discharge and the expression of Cx36. Results: 30 min after KA injection, spike frequency and amplitude were noticeably and reversibly reduced in Cx36 blocker pretreated animals. At the 90 min time point, carbenoxolone, quinine, and quinidine significantly decreased the spike amplitude but not frequency. Cx36 protein level significantly increased in Cx36 blocker pretreated animals relative to control. There were no significant differences among the three drug treatment groups in spike frequency, spike amplitude, or level of Cx36 expression. Conclusion: Therefore, specific gap junction blockers may be efficacious for the treatment of epilepsy by preventing the propagation and synchronization of epileptiform activity.